The governments of countries affected by overpopulation and hunger take steps to overcome these problems.
They are assisted by nongovernmental organisations (NGOs). Some of the steps taken are mentioned below:
1. Family planning is promoted to encourage people to have smaller families. It is easier for a small family to meet the basic needs of all its members, give education to all its members and help them develop skills. Members of such a family can contribute effectively to the progress of the nation.
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2. Special care is taken to promote family planning among the poor because poor families tend to have more children to increase the number of earning members.
3. Education is promoted to make people aware of the benefits of having small families. The spread of education, especially among women, also helps control practices such as marrying early and having more children in the hope of having sons.
4. To reduce poverty and hunger, governments try to generate more income by creating jobs and promoting self-employment. They also try to keep the prices of essential commodities stable, set up fair price shops, provide rations to the poor at lower prices and sometimes provide food for work.
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5. The world as a whole can provide at least the basic necessities for all human beings. But, faulty distribution processes, rivalry among nations, the concentration of resources in the hands of a few nations, etc., deprive many people of these necessities.
Fortunately, there is growing global awareness against poverty and hunger, and access to food is now recognised as a basic right of every human being.