There are few measures by adopting we can convert a unsustainable development to sustainable development. They are as follows:
1. By using appropriate technology which is locally adoptable, eco-friendly, resource- efficient and culturally suitable.
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2. By adopting reduce, reuse and recycle approach.
3. By prompting environmental education and awareness.
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4. The demand should be reduced upto the system’s carrying capacity that a system can sustain on a long term basis. Consumption should not exceed regeneration and changes should not be allowed to occur beyond the tolerance capacity of the system. Components of carrying capacity are supporting capacity, i.e., the capacity to regenerate and Assimilative capacity, i.e., the capacity to tolerate different stresses.
The Indian Context:
Though, India has made a lot of progress since independence, yet the increasing needs and aspirations of expanding human population have forced a change in land use and imposed excessive demand on the natural resources.
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If the current practice of utilising natural resources continues, the coming generation will have less chance of getting sufficient food to eat, space to live and pure air to breath. Thus, besides increase in production, the protection of environment and conservation of natural resources are essential.
India has still to go long way in implanting the concept of sustainable development. We have to lay emphasis on farming a well planned strategy for our development activity while increasing economical growth.
The National Council of Environmental Planning and Coordination (1972) works on this regards. MOEF (1985) has formulated guidelines for various development activities keeping in view the sustainable principles.