7 Most Important Differences between Probation and Parole are given below:
Like probation, parole is also a reformative technique adopted for rehabilitation of prisoners. Though apparently the two terms appear to be similar but between there is basic difference between the two, which are as follows:
(1) Probation is a judicial function whereas parole is a quasi-judicial function. In other words it is for the Judicial Magistrate/Judge to release the offender on probation whereas the decision as to release of a person is taken by the Parole Board which is not a judicial body.
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(2) There is no stigma or disqualification attached to a person released on probation but parole carries stigma or disqualification of being a convicted person.
(3) Probation is a pre-conviction process whereas parole is a post-conviction technique.
(4) A probationer is considered as if undergoing a ‘reformatory treatment’ but a parole is considered to be in custody undergoing both treatment and punishment.
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(5) Probation is merely suspension of sentence and is granted as a substitute for punishment whereas parole is granted to prisoners who are already undergoing imprisonment if they show propensity for good behavior.
(6) As pointed out by J. L. Gillin, probation is the first stage of correctional scheme, the parole being the last stage of it.
(7) Historically also parole came into existence much later than that of probation. The system of probation was originated by John, Augustus around 1841 whereas parole came into existence somewhere in 1940s.