Short Essay on the Sex Ratio in India.
The Sex Ratio in the country which was 933 in 2001 has risen by 7 points to 940 in 2011. The increase in rural areas has been 1 point from 946 to 947. The same in urban areas has been 26 points from 900 to 926.
i. Kerala has the highest sex ratio in total (1084), rural (1077) and urban (1091).
ii. In rural, Chandigarh (691) and in urban, Daman & Diu (550) show the lowest sex ratio in the country respectively.
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iii. Eight states namely Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and 1 UT Lakshadweep show fall in the sex ratio in rural area and 2 UTs Daman & Diu and Dadra & Nagar Haveli in urban areas.
Following are some important factors responsible for the low and declining sex ratio in India.
(i) Neglect of the status, health and education of females after their birth.
(ii) The increasing number of sex determination tests and the abortions carried out reflect craze for male child.
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(iii) The male child gets preferential treatment and female child is ignored.
(iv) Many women die at the time of giving birth to child and this risk remains with married women through reproductive age.
(v) There have been the cases of increasing dowry deaths in present time
(vi) With small family norms, many couples do not go for second child if the first child happens to be male.
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iv. The improvement in overall sex ratio is largely in urban areas.
v. Though the urban child sex ratio is far coursing than in the rural areas the in child sex ratio in rural areas is around 4 times that in urban areas. In fact the decline is more gradual in urban areas.
vi. There is a decline of 8.9 million children in rural areas, while in urban areas has shown increase of 3.9 million.