20 Questions with Answers and Explanations on “Environmental Issues” for Biology Students:
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Q. 1. Define the term pollution.
Ans. Any undesirable change in physical, chemical and biological characteristics of air, land, water or soil is called pollution.
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Q. 2. What are pollutants?
Ans. Substances that bring about changes in the environment are called pollutants.
Q. 3. Which act has been passed by Government of India to protect and improve the quality of our environment?
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Ans. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
Q. 4. Name the device used to remove sulphur dioxide from gases?
Ans. Scrubber.
Q. 5. Which size particulate are harmful to human?
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Ans. Particulate size 2.5 micrometer or less.
Q. 6. How can the industrial noise be reduced?
Ans. The industrial noise can be reduced by use of sound absorbents and mufflers.
Q. 7. What is the purpose of water Prevention and Control of Pollution Act, 1974?
Ans. This act passed by Govt, of India is to safeguard our water resources.
Q. 8. What is the cause of algal-bloom?
Ans. Presence of large amount of nutrients in water.
Q. 9. Define the term ‘Biomagnification’.
Ans. The accumulation of toxic substance in the body of organisms and its increase in concentration in successive trophic levels is called biomagnification.
Q. 10. Name two substances that show biomagnification.
Ans. (1) Mercury,
(2) DDT.
Q. 11. Mention two locations where ‘Ecosan’ is used.
Ans. (1) Kerala (India),
(2) Sri Lanka.
Q. 12. Mention one method disposal of hospital waste.
Ans. Incineration.
Q. 13. Mention the methods used to dispose e-waste.
Ans. (1) Burrying in landfills,
(2) Incineration.
Q. 14. What are two serious problems for use of nuclear energy?
Ans. (1) Accidental leakage.
(2) Disposal of radioactive wastes.
Q. 15. Which two gases are responsible for green house effect?
Ans. (1) Carbon dioxide,
(2) Methane.
Q. 16. Mention the unit used to measure the thickness of ozone in atmosphere.
Ans. Dobson units (DU).
Q. 17. In which months does a ozone hole develop over Antarctica?
Ans. Late August and early October.
Q. 18. Mention the percentage of forest cover for plains and hills by Nation Forest Policy (1988) of India.
Ans. 33% for plains, 67% for Hills.
Q. 19. How is slash and burn agriculture practised in N-E States of India?
Ans. The trees are cut and the plant remains are burnt. Then the cleared land is used for agricultural purpose.
Q. 20. What is Join Forest Management (JFM)?
Ans. It is to work along with local communities for protecting and managing forests.