The following are the exceptions to the general rule that hearsay evidence is not admissible:
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(1) A statement made outside the Court by a person who is not a witness may be a matter in issue, or it may be part of the circumstance which it is essential to ascertain. In such circumstances, the statement becomes admissible. For example, a slanderous statement made by a third person and heard by the witness will be relevant, not regarding the truth of the contents of the statement, but regarding the fact of the statement being made.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
(2) Sections 32 and 33 also lay down well-known exceptions to the general rule that hearsay evidence is not admissible.
Thus, S. 32 (which has been discussed earlier) deals with the cases in which a statement of a relevant fact by a person who is dead, or who cannot be found, etc., is relevant.
Similarly, S. 33 (which has also been discussed earlier) lays down that evidence given by a witness in a judicial proceeding is relevant for the purpose of proving, in a subsequent judicial proceeding, the truth of the fact which it states, when the witness is dead, or cannot be found, etc.
(3) Under Section 6, a statement made by a person who is not a witness becomes relevant and admissible if the statement is part of the transaction in question (res gestae).