In the olden days, religion was the main basis of human life and was the chief source of human education. Dhann, Arth, Karm and Moksh, (Religion Wealth, Pleasure and Liberation) were the chief aims of life and these were attained through education. Religion was the basis of education during the Vedic, Brahman and Buddha periods.
The meaning of religion (Dharm) was so wide in these periods that a man devoid of religion was considered as dead. Religion was an important source of virtuous conduct, morality, sociality and humanity.
During these periods an effort was made to study religious books, to engage in meditation and thought and to lead life according to the religious knowledge gained.
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Religion was completely related to education. In fact, the religious bodies were educational institutions also. In the medieval period, educational institutions (Pathashalas and Maktabs) were related to religious places (temples and mosques).
Buddha Vihars and Mathas (monasteries) were closely related to education. An attempt was made to inculcate morality through religious education. This was one of the aims of education also.
Religion was an important aspect not only in Indian traditions, but also in the European traditions. Education of children in Europe was related to the church and was given under their protection. Monks and priests were the organisers and teachers.
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Different religious institutions have made outstanding contribution in the field of education. In India the efforts of Arya Samaj Sanatan Dharm, Jain Dharm and Christian missionaries etc., are praiseworthy. Churches in Europe and U.S.A. hold a key position in the organisation of education, even to-day.